The U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) requires that plastics used in food packaging be of greater purity than plastics used for non-food packaging. This is commonly referred to as food grade plastic. Plastics used to package pharmaceuticals are held to an even higher standard than food grade.
Below are some of the general classification :
1)Polyethylene Terephthalate (PETE) is a clear, tough polymer with exceptional gas and moisture barrier properties. PET's ability to contain carbon dioxide (carbonation) makes it ideal for use in soft drink bottles.
Common uses: Plastic bottles for soda, water, food, liquid soap, and lotion.
2) High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) is used in milk, juice and water containers in order to take advantage of its excellent protective barrier properties. Its chemical resistance properties also make it well suited for items such as containers for household chemicals and detergents.
Common uses: Plastic bottles and jars for cosmetic, food, milk, and detergent.
3)Vinyl or Polyvinyl Chloride, (PVC) provides excellent clarity, puncture resistance and cling. As a film, vinyl can breathe just the right amount, making it ideal for packaging fresh meats that require oxygen to ensure a bright red surface while maintaining an acceptable shelf life.
Common uses: Clear food and non food packaging, medical tubing, and wire insulation.
4)Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) offers clarity and flexibility. It is used to make bottles that require flexibility. To take advantage of its strength and toughness in film form, it is used to produce grocery bags and garbage bags, shrink and stretch film, and coating for milk cartons.
Common uses: Plastic bottles for honey, mustard, and bread or food bags.
5)Polypropylene (PP) has high tensile strength, making it ideal for use in caps and lids that have to hold tightly on to threaded openings. Because of its high melting point, polypropylene can be hot-filled with products designed to cool in bottles, including ketchup and syrup. It is also used for products that need to be incubated, such as yogurt.
Common uses: Plastic containers for ketchup, yogurt, margarine, and medicine.
6)Polystyrene (PS) in its crystalline form, is a colorless plastic that can be clear and hard. It can also be foamed to provide exceptional insulation properties. Foamed or expanded polystyrene (EPS) is used for products such as meat trays, egg cartons and coffee cups. It is also used for packaging and protecting appliances, electronics and other sensitive products.
Common uses: Packaging for CDs, aspirin bottles, cups, plates and cutlery.
7)Polycarbonate, a clear shatter-resistant material used in restaurant food storage containers and recently in the Rubbermaid Stain Shield line of home food storage containers.
Common uses : Plastic Bottles for squeezable Ketchup and syrup.
Some of the containers are not suitable for reuse as a storage for food or liquid for human consumption due to chemical leakage after certain period of time; it is always important for the consumer to double check with the food and drug agency safety department regarding the reuse-ability , and it is strongly advise that never heat your food in the plastic container in microwave as the combination of plastic , fat and high thermos heat trigger a chemical reaction that produce dioxin - a highly carcinogenic and toxic compound.